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Virginia Child Support Calculator

Calculate estimated child support using Virginia's official guidelines

Income Shares Model

About Virginia's Guidelines

Income Shares Model

Note: Uses gross income, shared custody for 90+ days

Key Information

  • Model: Income Shares
  • Income Cap: $35,000/month combined
  • Last Updated: January 15, 2024

Common Deviation Factors

Shared custody (90+ days)Imputed incomeTax consequences

Monthly Income

$
$

Children & Custody

0 = no overnights182 = equal custody365 = full custody

Additional Monthly Expenses

$
$
$
$
$
$
$

Estimates only — not legal advice. Consult a Virginia family law attorney for official calculations.

Official Virginia Court Forms

Download official court forms from the Virginia judiciary website. These are free, legally valid forms for your family court case.

These links go to official Virginia court websites. Forms are free and provided by the state judiciary.

Virginia Child Support Guidelines

Income Shares ModelLast updated: 2024-01-01

Virginia uses the Virginia Child Support Guidelines (VA Code § 20-108.2) to determine child support obligations. Under the Income Shares model, both parents' incomes are combined to estimate what the family would have spent on the child if the household were intact. The obligation is then divided proportionally based on each parent's contribution to combined gross income.

Virginia has several distinctive features in its child support system. Virginia uses 90 days (approximately 25%) as the shared custody threshold — one of the lower thresholds among income-shares states. The state has a "split custody" provision when each parent has primary custody of at least one child. Virginia explicitly includes imputed income for parents who are voluntarily unemployed or underemployed based on their education and work history.

Virginia bases calculations on gross income — meaning income before taxes and deductions. This includes wages, salaries, commissions, bonuses, self-employment income, and other sources. The self-support reserve in Virginia is $1,350/month, ensuring the paying parent retains enough income to cover basic living expenses.

How Virginia Calculates Child Support

Virginia follows a 5-step process under the Virginia Child Support Guidelines (VA Code § 20-108.2):

  1. 1

    Calculate each parent's gross monthly income from all sources

  2. 2

    For sole custody: combine incomes, find basic obligation, prorate by income share

  3. 3

    For shared custody (90+ days each): multiply basic obligation by 1.4, prorate by income share, adjust for time-sharing, offset

  4. 4

    For split custody: calculate separate obligations for each child placement

  5. 5

    Add proportional shares of health insurance and work-related childcare

Income Thresholds & Key Numbers in Virginia

Maximum Income Cap

$35,000/mo

Self-Support Reserve

$1,350/mo

Shared Custody Threshold

90 nights/yr

25% of overnights

Income Basis

gross

Sample Obligation Schedule

Combined Monthly Income1 Child2 Children3 Children
$1,500$255$368$440
$3,000$460$670$812
$5,000$670$982$1,192
$8,000$925$1,365$1,660
$12,000$1,200$1,775$2,162
$20,000$1,610$2,382$2,902

* Simplified schedule. Actual amounts may vary based on additional factors.

Custody Time Adjustments in Virginia

Virginia recognizes "Shared Custody" when the non-custodial parent has the children for at least 90 overnights per year (approximately 25% of the time). When this threshold is met, the standard child support formula is adjusted to reflect the increased direct expenses borne by both parents.

Under Virginia's Income Shares approach, the shared parenting adjustment typically calculates each parent's obligation based on their income share, then applies a credit or cross-calculation that accounts for the time each parent directly supports the child. The more overnights the non-custodial parent has, the greater the reduction in their payment — but the adjustment is not dollar-for-dollar because fixed costs like housing don't decrease when the child is away.

Below 90 overnights, Virginia generally treats the arrangement as a sole custody situation with standard visitation, and no custody time adjustment is applied to the child support calculation.

Frequently Asked Questions About Virginia Child Support

What is Virginia's shared custody threshold?

Virginia triggers shared custody at just 90 days per year (approximately 25%). When both parents have at least 90 days, the basic obligation is multiplied by 1.4, each parent's share is calculated based on income and time, and the difference is the support amount.

What is the income cap in Virginia?

Virginia's guidelines schedule covers combined monthly incomes up to $35,000. Above that, the court may extrapolate or use discretion to set an appropriate amount.

How to Reduce Child Support Costs in Virginia

While child support is determined by Virginia's guidelines, there are legitimate ways to ensure your obligation is calculated fairly.

Increase Parenting Time

In Virginia, more overnights with your children can reduce your support obligation. Document actual time spent and request a formal custody modification if needed.

Ensure Accurate Income Reporting

Both parents' incomes must be reported accurately. Verify that bonuses, overtime, and variable income are averaged correctly over the appropriate period.

Claim All Allowable Deductions

Virginia allows deductions for items like mandatory retirement contributions, union dues, and health insurance premiums. Make sure all qualifying deductions are included.

Request a Modification When Eligible

If your income has decreased by 15-25% or more, you may qualify for a modification. File promptly — changes are typically not retroactive before the filing date.

Account for Other Children

If you have other children you're legally obligated to support, this can be factored into the calculation as a deduction in most states.

Review Healthcare & Childcare Costs

Ensure shared expenses like health insurance and childcare are divided proportionally. If costs have changed, update the court.

Key Facts About Child Support in Virginia

Calculation Model

Income Shares

Guidelines Source

State Statute

Review Frequency

Every 4 Years

Income Cap

$35,000/mo

Last Updated

January 15, 2024

Common Questions About Virginia Child Support

What is the average child support payment in Virginia?

Average child support in Virginia varies widely based on income, number of children, and custody arrangement. Using the Income Shares model, a typical case with combined income of $6,000/month and one child might result in $800-$1,200/month. Use our calculator above for a personalized estimate.

How do I file for child support in Virginia?

In Virginia, you can file for child support through your local family court or the state's child support enforcement agency. You'll need to provide income documentation, custody information, and details about the children. Many courts offer self-help resources and forms online.

Can I modify child support in Virginia?

Yes, Virginia allows modifications when there is a substantial change in circumstances, such as a significant income change (typically 15-25%), change in custody, or change in the child's needs. File a motion with the court that issued the original order.

Does Virginia enforce child support across state lines?

Yes, under the Uniform Interstate Family Support Act (UIFSA), Virginia cooperates with all other states to enforce child support orders. If the other parent moves to a different state, enforcement can still be pursued through interstate cooperation.

How does shared custody affect child support in Virginia?

When both parents have significant parenting time, Virginia applies a shared custody adjustment. This typically reduces the obligation because both parents directly cover expenses during their time. The threshold and formula vary, so use our calculator to model different custody scenarios.