Montana state flag

Montana Child Support Calculator

Calculate estimated child support using Montana's official guidelines

Melson Formula Model

About Montana's Guidelines

Melson Formula variation

Note: Uses three-step calculation ensuring self-sufficiency

Key Information

  • Model: Melson Formula
  • Last Updated: January 15, 2024

Common Deviation Factors

Self-support reserveStandard of livingExtraordinary needs

Monthly Income

Melson Formula: Montana ensures each parent can meet their own basic needs (self-support reserve) before calculating child support. Income below the reserve threshold may result in a minimum support order.

$
$

Children & Custody

0 = no overnights182 = equal custody365 = full custody

Additional Monthly Expenses

$
$
$
$
$
$
$

Estimates only — not legal advice. Consult a Montana family law attorney for official calculations.

Official Montana Court Forms

Download official court forms from the Montana judiciary website. These are free, legally valid forms for your family court case.

These links go to official Montana court websites. Forms are free and provided by the state judiciary.

Montana Child Support Guidelines

Melson Formula ModelLast updated: 2024-01-01

Montana uses the Montana Child Support Guidelines (ARM 37.62.101-144) to determine child support obligations. The Melson Formula is an advanced version of the Income Shares model that first ensures each parent can meet their own basic needs through a self-support reserve before allocating child support. It also provides for a standard of living adjustment when income exceeds basic needs.

Montana has several distinctive features in its child support system. Montana is one of three states using the Melson Formula, which prioritizes self-sufficiency for both parents. Montana's version includes a "primary allowance" that covers basic necessities before support is calculated. The state has specific provisions for agricultural and seasonal workers common in Montana.

Montana bases calculations on net income — meaning income after mandatory deductions like taxes, Social Security, and Medicare. This gives a more accurate picture of each parent's take-home pay. The self-support reserve in Montana is $1,250/month, ensuring the paying parent retains enough income to cover basic living expenses.

How Montana Calculates Child Support

Montana follows a 6-step process under the Montana Child Support Guidelines (ARM 37.62.101-144):

  1. 1

    Calculate each parent's net income after taxes and mandatory deductions

  2. 2

    Step 1: Subtract the self-support reserve ($1,250) to determine available income

  3. 3

    Step 2: From available income, calculate each parent's share of children's primary needs

  4. 4

    Step 3: Apply the Standard of Living Adjustment (SOLA) to share surplus income

  5. 5

    Total obligation = Step 2 amount + Step 3 amount

  6. 6

    Apply shared parenting adjustment if 110+ overnights

Income Thresholds & Key Numbers in Montana

Self-Support Reserve

$1,250/mo

Shared Custody Threshold

110 nights/yr

30% of overnights

Income Basis

net

Sample Obligation Schedule

Combined Monthly Income1 Child2 Children3 Children
$2,000$285$410$500
$4,000$510$735$898
$6,000$715$1,032$1,262
$10,000$1,075$1,555$1,900

* Simplified schedule. Actual amounts may vary based on additional factors.

Custody Time Adjustments in Montana

Montana recognizes "Shared Parenting" when the non-custodial parent has the children for at least 110 overnights per year (approximately 30% of the time). When this threshold is met, the standard child support formula is adjusted to reflect the increased direct expenses borne by both parents.

Under the Melson Formula used in Montana, shared custody adjustments apply after the basic needs and standard of living calculations. The formula accounts for duplicated fixed costs (like maintaining two bedrooms) while reducing variable costs proportionally to the time spent with each parent.

Below 110 overnights, Montana generally treats the arrangement as a sole custody situation with standard visitation, and no custody time adjustment is applied to the child support calculation.

Frequently Asked Questions About Montana Child Support

Why does Montana use the Melson Formula?

Montana uses the Melson Formula because it explicitly protects each parent's ability to meet their own basic needs. This is particularly important in Montana where the cost of living, while lower than some states, still requires a self-support reserve to prevent the paying parent from falling into poverty.

How does Montana handle agricultural income?

Montana has specific provisions for agricultural workers and ranchers. Income may be averaged over 3-5 years to account for seasonal variation, crop yields, and commodity prices. The court looks at the overall economic picture rather than a single year.

How to Reduce Child Support Costs in Montana

While child support is determined by Montana's guidelines, there are legitimate ways to ensure your obligation is calculated fairly.

Increase Parenting Time

In Montana, more overnights with your children can reduce your support obligation. Document actual time spent and request a formal custody modification if needed.

Ensure Accurate Income Reporting

Both parents' incomes must be reported accurately. Verify that bonuses, overtime, and variable income are averaged correctly over the appropriate period.

Claim All Allowable Deductions

Montana allows deductions for items like mandatory retirement contributions, union dues, and health insurance premiums. Make sure all qualifying deductions are included.

Request a Modification When Eligible

If your income has decreased by 15-25% or more, you may qualify for a modification. File promptly — changes are typically not retroactive before the filing date.

Account for Other Children

If you have other children you're legally obligated to support, this can be factored into the calculation as a deduction in most states.

Review Healthcare & Childcare Costs

Ensure shared expenses like health insurance and childcare are divided proportionally. If costs have changed, update the court.

Key Facts About Child Support in Montana

Calculation Model

Melson Formula

Guidelines Source

State Statute

Review Frequency

Every 4 Years

Last Updated

January 15, 2024

Common Questions About Montana Child Support

What is the average child support payment in Montana?

Average child support in Montana varies widely based on income, number of children, and custody arrangement. Using the Melson Formula model, a typical case with combined income of $6,000/month and one child might result in $800-$1,200/month. Use our calculator above for a personalized estimate.

How do I file for child support in Montana?

In Montana, you can file for child support through your local family court or the state's child support enforcement agency. You'll need to provide income documentation, custody information, and details about the children. Many courts offer self-help resources and forms online.

Can I modify child support in Montana?

Yes, Montana allows modifications when there is a substantial change in circumstances, such as a significant income change (typically 15-25%), change in custody, or change in the child's needs. File a motion with the court that issued the original order.

Does Montana enforce child support across state lines?

Yes, under the Uniform Interstate Family Support Act (UIFSA), Montana cooperates with all other states to enforce child support orders. If the other parent moves to a different state, enforcement can still be pursued through interstate cooperation.

How does shared custody affect child support in Montana?

When both parents have significant parenting time, Montana applies a shared custody adjustment. This typically reduces the obligation because both parents directly cover expenses during their time. The threshold and formula vary, so use our calculator to model different custody scenarios.